kirov class cruiser ww2

The very poor behavior at sea was compensated by a raised bow and forecastle instead of a flush deck, three triple turrets instead of four mixed, an increased width, and lowered superstructures. The war quickly imposed the adoption of an AAA more convincing than single 5-in (127 mm) mounts and 0.5 in (12.7 mm) HMGs with nothing in between. The Cleveland class were placed in reserve in 1946-49 reactivated and modernized in part, discarded in the 1960s or 1970s depending on the level of modernization. They did not participated in the conflict unlike the other eight completed in 1942-45, USS Atlanta, Juneau, San Diego, San Juan, Oakland, Reno, Flint, and Tucson. They were never popular with the crews and were replaced by 40 mm mounts as soon as they were available. During this period, the USN tested and operated no less than six cruiser types: The scout cruiser (Omaha class), the AA cruiser (Atlanta class, 5-in DP guns), the light cruiser (up to the Worcester, arguably “heavy-light”, but with 6-in guns), the heavy cruiser (from Pensacola to Des Moines, 8-in guns), and even the “large cruiser” (Alaska class, 12-in guns). 1932. The ship was as good as most of her foreign counterparts in terms of speed and armor. The serie ended with the CL 147 USS Gary, last conventional cruiser laid down by the USN (cancelled in 1945). Armor: Turrets 50-60, belt 76, blockhouse and casemate 95-20 mm, bridge 25 mm. None of these were sunk during the war. They fired a 105 pounds (48 kg) shell at 900 meters per second (2,950 ft/s) and up to 23,130 meters (25,295 yd) in maximal elevation. Reactions: SniperSquad, ngatimozart and John Fedup. However, the success of the 6in/47 design inspired the Bureau of Ordnance to develop an automatic 8in/55, which was suitable for heavy cruisers not much larger than the Worcesters; the General Board at one point recommended that all seven new light cruisers contemplated (CL143-149) be re-ordered as large heavy cruisers. On the other hand, this passage to fifteen guns took place at the cost of a drastic reduction of armor compared to New Orleans. However, as the boundaries of the treaty flew away at the beginning of the conflict, engineers became free to add additional 5-in turrets and largely reinforce the AAA, now including 40 and 20 mm guns (8 of 40 mm and 15 of 20 mm). The Mark 16 rate of fire was about 8-10 rounds per minute, improved on the Mark 16DP to 12 rounds per minute. The bureau studies demonstrated that by restricting dimensions and weight distributon it was possible to maintain good protection, sufficient horsepower and reasonable speed while remaining within the required tonnage limit. These guns, declined into many variants were the staple of USN heavy cruiser design, from the Pensacola class and Lexington class aircraft carriers to the Des Moines. They were originally designed in 1919, originally to take the squadrons of large-scale destroyers (Wickes and Clemson) from the end of the Great War. The first 8-in caliber developed for modern USN cruisers was a 55 caliber, developed into the Mk 9, Mk 12, Mk 14, Mk 15 and Mk 16 variants. 11. Until the capitulation of Japan, 124,735 Oerlikon were manufactured in the USA alone. Such weapons would overcome the great defect of existing 8in guns – excessively slow fire – so slow that it was almost impossible to hit fast Japanese ships in night actions; at the same time they would greatly out-ranged the existing fast-firing 6in weapons. Two units were completed, Guam and Alaska launched in 1943, and Hawaii in March 1945, but only the first two were completed in June and September 1944. The trend is to now call ships frigates that would have been destroyers 20 years ago (some navies have been doing this a long time eg France). The “Chicago Piano” was the standard quad AA machine gun mount in rare use on interwar USN Cruisers of the New Orleans class. These ships had a brilliant career after the war, forming the backbone of the US conventional fleet until 1970. Maximum speed: 32.5 knots Shield: Belt 57, turrets 65, bridges 160-50 Weaponry: 9 guns of 203 (3 × 3), 8 of 127, 8 ML 12.7 mm AA, 4 aircraft Crew: 917. The Omaha class were designed in observance of the tasks as the Chester (and a replacement), but upgraded to the new 6-in gun caliber to give an edge on any destroyer in service, and a speed to match the same destroyers, including those to be led as squadron leader. Intervention cruiser? USS Savannah in Algiers, near a burning Liberty ship, fall 1942. The “tin clad cruisers” period was drawing to an end in Europe, Italy unveiling the Zara class and France the Algérie. BT-7 (Bystrochodnij Tankov) Light Fast Tank. The gargantuan Cleveland and Baltimore classes alone, by tonnage and armament, were made to outclass both in terms of quantity and quality, all the IJN could throw at the pacific fleet. For example, the RCN’s T-26 is the Canadian Surface Combatant (CSC) ship. This site uses cookies to help personalise content, tailor your experience and to keep you logged in if you register. The Des Moines had none, relying on more accurate, 3-in mounts and as well as the Worcester class. It must be said that the last class of “heavy” cruisers in USN service dated back to the Saint Louis of 1908. Both ships received already counterkeels in 1939 to improve their stability, but in 1942 their superstructures were massively lightened, and the massive tripod masts were removed. Each of the Alaska-class was given nine Mark 8 in three triple arrangements, so 18 in total for the whole class as the remainder ships were cancelled. After the war, those who were not broken up in 1960 had been sold to the three “naval powers” of South America, Brazil (StLouis), Argentina (Phoenix, Boise), and Chile (Brooklyn), Nashville). -The Mark 12 eliminated hoops to reduce weight to 17 tons. The last version even made it on a cold war Forrest Sherman destroyer, the USS Hull, for testing purposes, called the 8 in/55 Mark 71 gun mount. In addition, this was compounded by the adoption of tripod military masts, both tall and heavy, to suppoer the fire control posts, and a tall bridge blockhouse. - If a destroyer is a short-range ship that accompany a fleet, how is it going to be refuelled? Their example helped to define the next class, the Northampton. Their main features, apart from their huge hull, were their artillery in three 8-in triple turrets, as for the Wichita, a secondary AA artillery made of standard 5-in twin turrets, and a much higher light weaponry . From USS Oakland, they differed by an open deck and additional light AAA instead of their side turrets. Largely in a late-war (1945) programme, which would have added CA150-153, was never approved by the President, leaving, at the end of the war, eight prospective members of the Des Moines class. Required fields are marked *. In this one, emphasis was put on lighter AA cover, sacrificing two 5-inch/38 mounts for 40 mm Bofors at the start, when it was made available. As a result the ships displaced twice as much, top speed rose to 33 knots, while artillery configuration showed the transitional state of artillery at that time, with twin turrets and casemate guns. and 32 knots max.Armor: 90 mm belt, 25-50 mm blockhouse, bridges and CT.Armament: 10 x 152mm guns (2×2, 6×1), 6 x 127mm guns, 2×4 x 40mm, 8 x 20mm, 8 Mitt. There was a gap between the Cleveland class and the Brooklyn, which left time to perfect the design. The Clevelands had been criticized for their lack of space. Pollies here refer to it as the future frigate or CSC. After the conflict, this force was of course largely involved in many support operations, and some were later converted into hybrid missile launchers. 32.7 knots max. In addition to this redistribution, lighter and still powerful machines were used, while torpedo tubes were eliminated from the design. 9. Later the Board accepted conventional side protection comparable to that of the Clevelands, and by the time the design had been completed early in 1944 the Chief of the Bureau of Ships saw it for the now seriously overloaded Clevelands. The concept had resulted in a lightweight generic ship exclusively armed with the new standard 5-in (127 mm) dual purpose, twin turrets. Naval Forces & Industry news Naval and Maritime Exhibitions News Focus - Analysis - Photo report Naval Forces Vessels & Equipmen... Titan LNG charters in 5,200 cu.m LNG bunkering vessel, Sailors hear tale of gallantry at airport, Beijing warns off US warship from South China Sea islands, CNO Asks Fleet for Moment of Silence in Honor of USS Indianapolis 75th Anniversary, SuperTermoli (ST) 60 MMI - The successor of Hellenic Navy UDC's ST60 fast interceptor. 14. At min-1942 a radar was added to them, and what they had left of torpedo tubes (four quadruple benches, originally 16 tubes) were removed to improve their stability, as well as the catapults for seaplanes that fitted some of them. Specifications Displacement: 14,700 long-tons, 17,997 long-tons FL Dimensions: 207 x 21.3 x 7.6m (680 x 70 x 25 ft) Armament: 4 shaft Westinghouse, geared steam turbines 125,000 Horsepower Performances: 33 knots Armament: 6×2 6-in/47 Mk16 DP, 11×2 3-in/50 Mk33, 2 single 3-in/50 Mk34 Armour: belt: 3–5 in, deck: 3.5 in, turrets 2–6.5 in, barbettes: 5 in, CT 4.5 in, Conway’s all the world’s fighting ship 1906-21, 1922-47 and 1947-95 fr.naval-encyclopedia.com/2e-guerre-mondiale/us-navy-2egm.php#crois //www.navsource.org/archives/04idx.htm //www.navy.mil/navydata/nav_legacy.asp?id=136 //www.navy.mil/navydata/nav_legacy.asp?id=137 //www.wearethemighty.com/world-war-ii-cruisers //www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/cl-144.htm //www.microworks.net/pacific/ships/cruisers/baltimore.htm //www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/ship/ca-68.htm //ca-69boston.org/ //www.militaryfactory.com/ships/detail.asp?ship_id=uss-chicago-ca29-cruiser-warship-united-states //www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2017/08/uss-indianapolis-wreckage-found/ //usnhistory.navylive.dodlive.mil/2016/01/12/a-look-at-the-evolution-of-the-u-s-navy-cruiser/ //www.sandiegouniontribune.com/sdut-cruiser-san-diego-the-unbeatable-ship-of-wwii-2010mar18-story.html //www.mathscinotes.com/2018/12/us-cruiser-production-during-ww2/ //uboat.net/allies/warships/types.html?type=Heavy+cruiser //www.warhistoryonline.com/guest-bloggers/the-des-moines-class-cruiser-the-greatest-heavy-cruiser.html Books: US Heavy Cruisers in the World War II part 2: Technology and weapons of world wars – Michael T. Benson //www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/second-naval-battle-guadalcanal. The latter were very lightly built, yet large cruisers, displacing only 3,750 tons standard, armed with just two 5 in (127 mm)/50 caliber Mark 6 guns and an array of 3-in guns, good only for annoying torpedo boats. Sat Feb 13, 2021 4:49 am . One of their side TT bank was sacrificed for four additional 5-in and four twin 0.5 in mounts. I have other questions: In Modern meaning, at least for the USN, a modern Destroyer is a Long range high speed escort surface warship meant to support convoy or task forces. The USS Pensacola in March 1945, in support of Okinawa. Their hulls were actually twenty years old at that stage. They were developed fro 1920 into the models Mk 12, Mk 14, Mk 15, Mk 18 on Mountings Mk 13, Mk 16, and Mk 17. They were all well engaged in combat with mixed success, in Europe for the most part, especially in the Mediterranean. 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