athens written in greek

They settled in poor neighborhoods and brought with them Rebetiko music, making it popular also in Greece, which became later the base for the Laïko music. [2] The four regional units that make up what is referred to as Greater Athens have a combined population of 2,640,701. She was also worshipped in many other cities, notably in Sparta. There are also transfer connections with the Blue Line 3 at Syntagma station and with the tram at Syntagma, Syngrou Fix and Neos Kosmos stations. The Athens Metropolitan Area consists of 58[17] densely populated municipalities, sprawling around the Municipality of Athens (the City Centre) in virtually all directions. Fencing before the king of Greece at the 1896 Summer Olympics. Katsoulis B.D., Theoharatos G.A. The Panathenaic Stadium of Athens (Kallimarmaron) dates back to the 4th century BC and has hosted the first modern Olympic Games in 1896. Orea Hellas. In the last round of voting, Athens defeated Rome with 66 votes to 41. Sustainable Cities and Society, 1, pp. Many of Classical civilization’s intellectual and artistic ideas originated there, and the city is generally considered to be the birthplace of Western civilization. [citation needed] Christian Lobeck proposed as the root of the name the word ἄθος (áthos) or ἄνθος (ánthos) meaning "flower", to denote Athens as the "flowering city". Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Athena-Greek-mythology, Roman and Greek Gods - Facts about Athena, National and Kapodestrian University of Athens - Faculty of History and Archaeology - Athena’s Peplos: Weaving as a Core Female Activity in Ancient and Modern Greece, Athena - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Athena - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). The line 2 (Red Line) runs from Anthoupoli station to Elliniko station and covers a distance of 17.5 km (10.9 mi). Journal of Applied Meteorology, vol. [41] The crisis eased by mid-January when authorities began taking the garbage to a temporary landfill. Other universities that lie within Athens are the Athens University of Economics and Business, the Panteion University, the Agricultural University of Athens and the University of Piraeus. Line 1 mostly runs at ground level and the other two (Line 2 & 3) routes run entirely underground. The Port of Piraeus is the largest port in Greece and one of the largest in Europe. According to the ancient Athenian founding myth, Athena, the goddess of wisdom, competed against Poseidon, the God of the Seas, for patronage of the yet-unnamed city;[24] they agreed that whoever gave the Athenians the better gift would become their patron[24] and appointed Cecrops, the king of Athens, as the judge. The area has been redeveloped according to a design by the Spanish architect Santiago Calatrava, with steel arches, landscaped gardens, fountains, futuristic glass, and a landmark new blue glass roof which was added to the main stadium. Aeschylus, Euripedes, Aristophanes, and Sophocles made Greek tragedy and Greek comedy famous, and Pindar, another important figure of Greek literature, wrote his Odes. Areas to Avoid and Other Warnings", "Worldwide Quality of Living ranking 2019", "Founda D. (2011). "Homepage – The Company – Attiko Metro S.A." Attiko Metro S.A. Archived from the original on 3 December 2010. Athens is one of the major economic centres in south-eastern Europe and is considered as a regional economic power in Europe generally. [16] Until 2010, these four regional units made up the abolished Athens Prefecture. [24][25] Cecrops accepted this gift[24] and declared Athena the patron goddess of Athens. Two Athenians, the sculptor Phidias and the playwright Aeschylus, contributed significantly to the cultural dissemination of Athena’s image. They together with the regional unit of Piraeus (Greater Piraeus) make up the dense Athens Urban Area which reaches a total population of 3,090,508 inhabitants (in 2011). If you can provide recordings, corrections or additional translations, please contact me. Following the Greek War of Independence and the establishment of the Greek Kingdom, Athens was chosen as the capital of the newly independent Greek state in 1834, largely because of historical and sentimental reasons. The Italian Embassy in Vasilissis Sofias Avenue. have their regional research and development headquarters also there. The oldest known human presence in Athens is the Cave of Schist, which has been dated to between the 11th and 7th millennia BC. Watch Maldini: "Athens was written in our destiny" - A.C. MILAN OFFICIAL on Dailymotion Cafe in Monastiraki & Psyrri. Mycenean Athens in 1600–1100 BC could have reached the size of Tiryns; that would put the population at the range of 10,000–15,000. The Athens city coastline, extending from the major commercial port of Piraeus to the southernmost suburb of Varkiza for some 25 km (20 mi),[76] is also connected to the City Centre by tram. The Greek Government, aided by the EU, has funded major infrastructure projects such as the state-of-the-art Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport,[151] the expansion of the Athens Metro system,[74] and the new Attiki Odos Motorway.[74]. [74][75] The landmark Dionysiou Areopagitou Street has been pedestrianised, forming a scenic route. The Athens case". Athens hosts 17 Foreign Archaeological Institutes which promote and facilitate research by scholars from their home countries. In the 1950s and 1960s during the extension and development of Athens, other modern movements such as the International style played an important role. However the numbers would include all of Athenian territory which consisted almost entirely of modern Attica region expect the territory of the city-state of Megaris and the island section. Athens welcomed more than 5 million tourists in 2018 and 1,4 million of them were "city-breakers" (in 2013 the city-breakers were only 220.000). 24, Issue 12, pp.1296–1302. Athens, historic city and capital of Greece. [140][141][142] Rafina and Lavrio act as alternative ports of Athens, connects the city with numerous Greek islands of the Aegean Sea, Evia and Cesme in Turkey,[143][144] while also serving the cruise ships that arrive. She inspired three of Phidias’s sculptural masterpieces, including the massive chryselephantine (gold and ivory) statue of Athena Parthenos once housed in the Parthenon; and in Aeschylus’s dramatic tragedy Eumenides she founded the Areopagus (Athens’s aristocratic council), and, by breaking a deadlock of the judges in favour of Orestes, the defendant, she set the precedent that a tied vote signified acquittal. 12/01/2021: 49.888 internships and jobs in 122 countries | Personalised work abroad recommendations for students and graduates | Graduate Jobs in Athens, Greece | Sign-up free. A fleet of 42 trains, using 252 carriages, operates on the network,[129] with a daily occupancy of 1,353,000 passengers.[130]. This idea later lost support from the IOC and these games were discontinued. in 1869, and the other two largely during the 1990s, with the initial new sections opened in January 2000. Athens is the colourful capital of Greece, that offers things to do for all kinds of travellers and for every budget. "Indications of the Urban Heat Island in Athens, Greece". Athens’ hotel Semiramis is one of the best hotels in Athens for those looking for something a little different. "[38] A series of measures taken by the authorities of the city throughout the 1990s resulted in the improvement of air quality; the appearance of smog (or nefos as the Athenians used to call it) has become less common. Athens expanded its settlement in the second half of the Middle Byzantine Period, in the 9th to 10th centuries AD, and was relatively prosperous during the Crusades, benefiting from Italian trade. In 2000 the Organising Committee's president was replaced by Gianna Angelopoulos-Daskalaki, who was the president of the original Bidding Committee in 1997. The city is also home to the Demokritos laboratory for Archaeometry, alongside regional and national archaeological authorities that form part of the Greek Department of Culture. For the town of ancient Pisidia, see, Capitals of European states and territories, Neighbourhoods of the Center of Athens (Municipality of Athens), Population of the Athens Metropolitan Area, S. Immerwahr, The Athenian Agora XIII: the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, Princeton 1971. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. [163], The 2004 Games were judged a success, as both security and organization worked well, and only a few visitors reported minor problems mainly concerning accommodation issues. It is also the busiest passenger port in Europe and one of the largest passenger ports in the world. The rapid expansion of the modern city, which continues to this day, was initiated in the 1950s and 1960s, because of Greece's transition from an agricultural to an industrial nation. 11 août 2015 - Découvrez le tableau "Circuit Grèce" de Orcada Voyages sur Pinterest. In 500 BC the area probably contained 200,000 people. In the 1980s it became evident that smog from factories and an ever-increasing fleet of automobiles, as well as a lack of adequate free space due to congestion, had evolved into the city's most important challenge. Ziller also designed many private mansions in the centre of Athens which gradually became public, usually through donations, such as Schliemann's Iliou Melathron. Advertisement in www.Books-In-Greek.gr:: Biblionet. Greek tragedy developed specifically in the Attica region around Athens in the 6th Century or earlier. ACHILLES Ἀχιλλεύς m Greek Mythology (Latinized), Ancient Greek (Latinized) From the Greek Ἀχιλλεύς (Achilleus), which is of unknown meaning, perhaps derived from Greek ἄχος (achos) meaning "pain" or else from the name of the Achelous River. The intercalated competitions were intermediate games to the internationally organized Olympics, and were meant to be organized in Greece every four years, between the main Olympics. During the classical period the city's population is estimated from 150,000 to 350,000 and up to 610,000 according to Thucydides. Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The city also retains Roman and Byzantine monuments, as well as a smaller number of Ottoman monuments, while its historical urban core features elements of continuity through its millennia of history. It is to be found between the Parliament and Zappeion buildings, the latter of which maintains its own garden of seven hectares. The splendid sport report of book 23 containing the funeral games in honour of Patroclus spends 391 verses on the topic of chariot racing. (2001). Important Greek companies such as Hellenic Aerospace Industry, Hellas Sat, Mytilineos Holdings, Titan Cement, Hellenic Petroleum, Papadopoulos E.J., Folli Follie, Jumbo S.A., OPAP, and Cosmote have their headquarters in the metropolitan area of Athens. The dominant feature of Athens' climate is alternation between prolonged hot and dry summers and mild winters with moderate rainfall. area and average elevation)", http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en, "Sentiment a factor as Athens gets 2004 Olympics", "As forest fires burn, suffocated Athens is outraged", "Rot sets in as Athens's trash problem mounts", "SAFE CITIES INDEX 2017: Security in a rapidly urbanizing world", "Is Athens Safe? The Athens area encompasses a variety of terrain, notably hills and mountains rising around the city, and the capital is the only major city in Europe to be bisected by a mountain range. Sparta’s view toward their women was more liberal than that of Athens. There are also several other private colleges, as they called formally in Greece, as the establishment of private universities is prohibited by the constitution. Iakovides, S. 1962. In January 2007, Athens faced a waste management problem when its landfill near Ano Liosia, an Athenian suburb, reached capacity. However, this did not prevent Athens from being captured and sacked twice by the Persians within one year, after a heroic but ultimately failed resistance at Thermopylae by Spartans and other Greeks led by King Leonidas,[35] after both Boeotia and Attica fell to the Persians. [39] Damage to the park has led to worries over a stalling in the improvement of air quality in the city. For the greatest part of the 19th century Neoclassicism dominated Athens, as well as some deviations from it such as Eclecticism, especially in the early 20th century. The Athens Metropolitan Area (Greek: Μητροπολιτική Περιοχή της Αθήνας), also commonly known in English as Greater Athens,[85] spans 2,928.717 km2 (1,131 sq mi) within the Attica region and includes a total of 58 municipalities, which are organized in seven regional units (those outlined above, along with East Attica and West Attica), having reached a population of 3,737,550 based on the preliminary results of the 2011 census. Parts of the City Centre have been redeveloped under a masterplan called the Unification of Archeological Sites of Athens, which has also gathered funding from the EU to help enhance the project. [134], Athens is served by the Athens International Airport (ATH), located near the town of Spata, in the eastern Messoghia plain, some 35 km (22 mi) east of center of Athens. Iron Age burials, in the Kerameikos and other locations, are often richly provided for and demonstrate that from 900 BC onwards Athens was one of the leading centres of trade and prosperity in the region. (el) (Agios Panteleimonas), basketball club founded in 1992 with earlier presence in A2 Ethniki Basketball. [135] The airport, awarded the "European Airport of the Year 2004" Award,[136] is intended as an expandable hub for air travel in southeastern Europe and was constructed in 51 months, costing 2.2 billion euros. The completed extension will be ready in 2022, connecting the biggest port of Greece, Piraeus Port, with the biggest airport of Greece the Athens International Airport. The span of the Attiki Odos in all its length is 65 km (40 mi),[145] making it the largest metropolitan motorway network in all of Greece. [42] It also ranks as a very safe city (39th globally out of 162 cities overall) on the ranking of the safest and most dangerous countries. The 1906 Summer Olympics, or the 1906 Intercalated games, were held in Athens. There was an alternative story that Zeus swallowed Metis, the goddess of counsel, while she was pregnant with Athena, so that Athena finally emerged from Zeus. A symbol of being autochthon (earth-born), because the legendary founder of Athens, Erechtheus was an autochthon or of being musicians, because the cicada is a "musician" insect. The University of West Attica is the second largest university in Athens. The only legal uber in Athens is taxi uber that uses regular taxis at regular taxi prices.Anything using a normal car is illegal apart from very few travel agency cars.Finding one is a challenge.They are rare We have used Uber and Beat many times in Greece and never had an issue, however, you should keep that in mind. As of the 2011 census, the population for each of the seven municipal districts of Athens is as follows:[87]. The route in its entirety provides visitors with views of the Parthenon and the Agora (the meeting point of ancient Athenians), away from the busy City Centre. Kassomenos P.A. [21] It was possibly rendered in the plural later on, like those of Θῆβαι (Thêbai) and Μυκῆναι (Μukênai). Athena became the goddess of crafts and skilled peacetime pursuits in general. In 2014, the airport handled 15,196,369 passengers, an increase of 21.2% over the previous year of 2013. The banking sector is represented by National Bank of Greece, Alpha Bank, Eurobank, and Piraeus Bank, while the Bank of Greece is also situated in the City Centre. euro (€) Greek. "Mesoscale and macroscale aspects of the morning Urban Heat Island around Athens, Greece", Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics, 94, pp. For example, Kifissia and Glyfada serve as inter-municipal centres for northern and southern suburbs respectively. Tondo of the Aison Cup, showing the victory of Theseus over the Minotaur in the presence of Athena. [154] The Athens Planetarium,[155] located in Andrea Syngrou Avenue, in Palaio Faliro[156] is one of the largest and best equipped digital planetaria in the world. Along with national institutions, such as the Athens University and the Archaeological Society, there are multiple archaeological Museums including the National Archaeological Museum, the Cycladic Museum, the Epigraphic Museum, the Byzantine & Christian Museum, as well as museums at the ancient Agora, Acropolis, Kerameikos, and the Kerameikos Archaeological Museum. The old one Phaliro was in the site of modern Palaio Faliro and gradually declined after the construction of the new prototype port but remained as a minor port and important settlement with historic significance in late Classical times. However, they rarely use it in written forms though it differs less from the Standard Greek. In 2004 Athens hosted the 2004 Summer Olympics. The 2004 Olympic Games were described as Unforgettable, dream Games, by IOC President Jacques Rogge for their return to the birthplace of the Olympics, and for meeting the challenges of holding the Olympic Games. Her emergence there as city goddess, Athena Polias (“Athena, Guardian of the City”), accompanied the ancient city-state’s transition from monarchy to democracy. Numerous outdoor clubs serve these sports, including the Athens Chapter of the Sierra Club, which leads over 4,000 outings annually in the area. Discover the best entertainment in Athens, Greece including Greek National Opera, Megaron, Onassis Cultural Centre. As a result, Athens has more than a dozen archaeological libraries and three specialized archaeological laboratories, and is the venue of several hundred specialized lectures, conferences and seminars, as well as dozens of archaeological exhibitions, each year. Corrections? It has a large financial sector, and its port Piraeus is both the largest passenger port in Europe,[12][13] and the second largest in the world.[14]. The playwrights Aeschylus, Sophocles and Euripides flourished in Athens during this time, as did the historians Herodotus and Thucydides, the physician Hippocrates, and the philosopher Socrates. She was thought to have had neither consort nor offspring. This legacy would continue as, later, Plato would found his Academy outside the walls of Athens in 385 BCE and, later, Aristotle 's Lyceum would be founded in the city center. The revival of the modern Olympic Games was brought forth in 1896, by Frenchman Pierre de Coubertin. It connects Athens to the numerous Greek islands of the Aegean Sea, with ferries departing, while also serving the cruise ships that arrive. July and August are the driest months when thunderstorms occur sparsely. She may not have been described as a virgin originally, but virginity was attributed to her very early and was the basis for the interpretation of her epithets Pallas and Parthenos. According to data from 2014, Athens as a metropolitan economic area produced 130 billion US-dollars as GDP in PPP, which consists nearly a half of the production for the whole country. There are transfer connections with the Blue Line 3 at Monastiraki station and with the Red Line 2 at Omonia and Attiki stations. [150] After World War II, internationally known architects to have designed and built in the city included Walter Gropius, with his design for the US Embassy, and, among others, Eero Saarinen, in his postwar design for the east terminal of the Ellinikon Airport. The Athens commuter rail service, referred to as the "Proastiakós", connects Eleftherios Venizelos International Airport to the city of Kiato, 106 km (66 mi)[131] west of Athens, via Larissa station, the city's central rail station and the port of Piraeus. National and regional bus links are provided by KTEL from two InterCity Bus Terminals, Kifissos Bus Terminal A and Liosion Bus Terminal B, both located in the north-western part of the city. The games welcomed over 10,000 athletes from all 202 countries. [32] This issue is not unique to Athens; for instance, Los Angeles and Mexico City also suffer from similar atmospheric inversion problems.[32]. The Greek Government has created a corporation, Olympic Properties SA, which is overseeing the post-Olympics management, development and conversion of these facilities, some of which will be sold off (or have already been sold off) to the private sector,[167] while other facilities are still in use just as during the Olympics, or have been converted for commercial use or modified for other sports. Guided by Pericles, who promoted the arts and fostered democracy, Athens embarked on an ambitious building program that saw the construction of the Acropolis of Athens (including the Parthenon), as well as empire-building via the Delian League. [88] During the Greek Dark Ages the population of Athens was around 4,000 people. Nikos Gounaris was probably the most renowned composer and singer of the time. and Katsoulis B.D. In late June 2007,[39] the Attica region experienced a number of brush fires,[39] including a blaze that burned a significant portion of a large forested national park in Mount Parnitha,[40] considered critical to maintaining a better air quality in Athens all year round. Athens has a long tradition in sports and sporting events, serving as home to the most important clubs in Greek sport and housing a large number of sports facilities. The Yevanic Greek also … 08/01/2021: 51.227 internships and jobs in 123 countries | Personalised work abroad recommendations for students and graduates | Jobs and Internships in Athens, Greece | Sign-up free. She was essentially urban and civilized, the antithesis in many respects of Artemis, goddess of the outdoors. The architects of this era employed materials such as glass, marble and aluminium, and many blended modern and classical elements. (2001). At the time, it was reduced to a town of about 4,000 people in a loose swarm of houses along the foot of the Acropolis. 209–218. Lycabettus is one of the tallest hills of the city proper and provides a view of the entire Attica Basin. [53] The urban heat island of the city has also been found to be partially responsible for alterations of the climatological temperature time-series of specific Athens meteorological stations, because of its impact on the temperatures and the temperature trends recorded by some meteorological stations. International Conference "Passive and Low Energy Cooling for the Built Environment", May 2005, Santorini, Greece, pp. [131], Athens tram is operated by STASY S.A (Statheres Sygkoinonies S.A) which is a subsidiary company of OASA (Athens urban transport organisation). The city has also been host to sports events of international importance. 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