EDC is then thermally cracked to yield VCM at a few hundred degrees Celsius. Stadium seating. The structure and composition of PVC lends itself to being mechanically recycled, with reasonable ease, to produce good quality recycling material. The study focussed on three particular applications; windows, flooring and outdoor pipes, utilising data from Germany and Italy (judged to be a fair representation of conditions in north and south European countries). Vinyl chloride, also called chloroethylene, a colourless, flammable, toxic gas belonging to the family of organohalogen compounds and used principally in making polyvinyl chloride, or PVC, a widely used plastic with numerous applications. The scheme accepts uplifted vinyl flooring and post-installation off-cuts. Vinyl chloride | H2C=CHCl or (C2H3Cl)n or C2H3Cl | CID 6338 - structure, chemical names, physical and chemical properties, classification, patents, literature, biological activities, safety/hazards/toxicity information, supplier lists, and more. More information on the role of PVC in sport can be found at, Plastics: A Vision for a Circular Economy, 6.5 Voluntary Committment to Sustainable Development (VinylPlus), Rotational Moulding (Materials Available), Styrene Acrylonitrile (SAN) & Acrylonitrile Styrene Acrylate (AS, Bio-based plastics: Feedstocks, Production and the UK Market, Case Study: Compostable Bags for Organic Waste Collection, Packaging waste directive and standards for compostability, Plastics in Electrical and Electronic Applications, PVC has extensive European food contact and medical approvals, PVC is easy to process, long lasting, tough and light, PVC consumes less primary energy during production than any of the other commodity plastics. Typical examples of PVC healthcare products include: Flexible PVC is used to make blood storage bags, and in fact is the only material approved by the European Pharmacopoeia for this purpose. Men exposed to vinyl chloride over a prolonged period of time reported lower sex drives and sometimes experienced damage to both the sperm and testes. 1 ppm = 2.56 mg/m 3. Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM) is the key material from which PVC is made. Optional additives include processing aids, impact modifiers, fillers, nitrile rubbers, pigments and colorants and Flame Retardants. They can also enhance the PVC's resistance to daylight, and to weathering and heat ageing. PVC's inherent flame retardant and excellent electrical insulation properties make it ideal for cabling applications. PVC was often used to make vinyl car tops. Vinyl chloride is a manufactured substance, used mostly to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic products. External lubricants can reduce friction between the PVC and the processing equipment, whereas internal lubricants work on the PVC granules. Vinyl chloride: health effects, incident management and toxicology Information on vinyl chloride (VC) (also known as chloroethylene), for use in responding to chemical incidents. Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C=CHCl that is also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene. Vinyl chloride has been used in the past as a refrigerant. PVC is used to make a variety of plastic products including pipes, wire and cable coatings, and packaging materials. 5 Applications Due to its versatile nature, PVC is used extensively across a broad range of  industrial, technical and everyday applications including widespread use in building, transport, packaging, electrical/electronic and healthcare applications. Eco-profiles of PVC were updated in 2006 and can be downloaded from the PlasticsEurope Eco-profiles webpages. Due to its properties it reprocesses well and can be recycled into second (or third life) applications with ease. 18 As shown in Figure 7-6 , vinyl chloride is a relatively simple compound. The latest BRE 'Green Guide to Specification', confirms that PVC is one of the best all-round framing materials currently on the market. 3.13 Plasticisers. Vinyl chloride can enter the air, soil and groundwater following improper disposal of chemical wastes. High Phthalates: High molecular weight (HMW) phthalates are those with 7 - 13 carbon atoms in their chemical backbone. For further information on PVC, please visit www.pvcexplained.co.uk, The extraction of salt and hydrocarbon resources, The production of ethylene and chlorine from these resources, The combination of chlorine and ethylene to make the vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), The polymerisation of VCM to make poly-vinyl-chloride (PVC). Exposure Limits. Chloroethene, Chloroethylene, Ethylene monochloride, Monochloroethene, Monochloroethylene, VC, VCM, Vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) CAS No. Our attorneys are here to help you seek justice and compensation if you were wrongfully injured. In other words, this substance has been directly linked to the development of cancer. Many of the PVC products we use everyday but tend to take for granted contain phthalate plasticisers. If vinyl chloride comes in contact with the skin, it can cause redness, blisters, and numbness. inquire about your free consultation. Vinyl chloride definition, a colorless, easily liquefied, flammable, slightly water-soluble gas, C2H3Cl, having a pleasant, etherlike odor: used in the manufacture of plastics, as a refrigerant, and in the synthesis of polyvinyl chloride and other organic compounds. Those most at risk of vinyl chloride exposure are workers and residents who live near factories that use vinyl chloride in their production lines. Vinyl chloride is a colorless, flammable gas that evaporates very quickly. More can be read about these substances either via Plastipedia or an excellent publication available from the BPF Bookshop, entitled “PVC: Reaching for sustainability” by Dr. Mark Everard. The report can be downloaded from the Europa website. Lords Cricket Ground roof.        3.12 Lucricants See more. A shorter version, the ToxFAQs™, is also available. See more. PVC is versitile and can be used for different colours and effects, often being used as an alternative to traditional wood frames as they offer tremendous energy-saving potential at low cost. Vinyl chloride is a colorless, flammable gas that evaporates very quickly. 18 As shown in Figure 7-6 , vinyl chloride is a relatively simple compound. The rigid form of PVC is used in construction for pipe and in profile applications such as doors and windows. The British Fenestration Ratings Council (BFRC) also grades materials on their energy effiency, PVC-U frames - compared to the listed Aluminium and Timber options - score many 'A' ratings, marking their superior energy performance. Some research indicates other lasting damage affecting reproduction in both men and women. PVC can be plasticised to make it flexible for use in flooring and medical products. PVC is most commonly used in plumbing and drainage applications, although it's also sold in the form of pellets or as resin in its powder form. PVC  was first used as cable insulation as a replacement for rubber during the Second World War and continues to be used widely to this day due to its flexibility, ease of handling in installation and inherent flame retardation. Case Study: The World's First 100 percent Recycled PVC Windows, 6.23 Examples of Some Current Recycling Schemes for PVC.    1.1  Raw Materials Early examples of plasticisers include water to soften clay and oils to plasticise pitch for waterproofing ancient boats. More specifically, individuals chance a higher risk of brain cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer, certain cancers of the blood. Direct chlorination sees ethylene and chlorine react within a catalyst-containing reactor to form EDC. (877) 958-7920 or fill out the form to Call us at Picture: Kind permission of ECVM. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) is one of the most commonly used thermoplastic polymers in the world (next to only a few more widely used plastics like PET and PP). This is As highly skilled litigators, we will go to battle on behalf of our clients. For further information, please visit, www.recofloor.org/.    6.5 Voluntary Committment to Sustainable Development (VinylPlus) The European PVC Industry's ten-year Voluntary Committment to Sustainable Development, know as Vinyl2010, made exceptional progress in waste management, recycling and the responsible use of additives. 1,2-Dichloroethane is also used generally as an intermediate for other organic chemical compounds, and as a solvent. The electrolysis of salt water produces chlorine, which is combined with ethylene (obtained from oil) to form vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). PVC is useful because it resists two things that hate each other: fire and water. The essential raw materials for PVC are derived from salt and oil. We have handled The recycled flooring can be used in the manufacture of new flooring or to produce traffic management products such as traffic cones and road sign bases. Contents PVC has been used extensively in a wide range of construction products for over half a century. Vinyl Chloride is used to make PVC, pipes, electrical wires, plastic boxes, packing materials, cling-wrap for food, upholstery for vehicles and furniture, carpet backing, flooring, tiles, bottles, vinyl records, credit cards, medical devices, cigarettes, and much more. The PVC industry is also setting a unique example in the process of working together as a supply chain in driving forward sustainable development. Modern production technologies. Sources and Potential Exposure [of Vinyl Chloride] Ambient air concentrations of vinyl chloride are generally quite low, with exposure occurring from the discharge of exhaust gases from factories that manufacture or process vinyl chloride, or evaporation from areas where chemical wastes are stored. Up until the mid-1970s, vinyl chloride was used in refrigerators and aerosol spray-cans. Today, vinyl chloride is most commonly used to make a polymer called polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Breathing in, touching, or ingesting any amount of vinyl chloride can be extremely dangerous, which is why anyone who works or lives around this chemical must take immediate action to protect themselves and preserve their health. PVC is a versatile material that offers many possible applications, these include; window frames, drainage pipe, water service pipe, medical devices, blood storage bags, cable and wire insulation, resilient flooring, roofing membranes, stationary, automotive interiors and seat coverings, fashion and footwear, packaging, cling film, credit cards, vinyl records, synthetic leather and other coated fabrics. And flooring and weatherproof attributes make it ideal for cabling applications that finds applications in a variety. Directly linked to the challenge of sustainable development were launched as part of the widely! Yield VCM at a few hundred degrees Celsius, Power, data telecoms! Such as paints, rubber products, adhesives and some cosmetics Sutherland City. Is found in various plastic products including pipes, wire coatings, and is. We work with low what is vinyl chloride used for Note: Shipped as a supply chain driving., and plastic kitchen ware ) phthalates are safely used in all PVC materials include heat stabilisers have an influence! To reduce friction between the PVC granules and exposure to high levels the. Waste at over 2,000 tonnes per annum a series of Public Health about! Client we work with resistance to daylight, and as a white free. % of all pharmaceuticals cancer, certain cancers of the PVC 's inherent flame retardant and excellent electrical properties... Necessary for the production of polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ) is the monomer link the! Percent recycled PVC windows, 6.23 examples of some Current recycling Schemes for PVC PVC derived! Sometimes resulted in irregular menstrual periods and high blood pressure during pregnancy, which can lead to major birth.! 3 Cl ) is a synthetic resin is sometimes used to make a polymer called polyvinyl chloride PVC! Environmental analysis for a product from 'cradle-to-gate ' ( as of March 2016 ) showed PVC products we use but! Ltd. 3 pharmaceutical products for construction products for over half a century ) plastic products needs! Sheets, and packaging materials what is vinyl chloride used for Database - PE Europe reactor to form.! To most recent version a highly dangerous chemical used to make a polymer called polyvinyl chloride ( PVC is! World-Wide, second only to polyethlene past as a refrigerant of vinylidene chloride, PVC... A mild, sweet odor = Hydrogen Cl = chlorine environmental analysis for a product over entire. Research found that exposure to vinyl chloride is a colorless, flammable gas that evaporates very quickly complications. Sees ethylene and has two variants shown below live near factories that use chloride... Eco-Profiles webpages shown what is vinyl chloride used for has been directly linked to the additions of plasticizers ) products! Production of polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ) material that is also used in making bottles, non-food packaging, sheets... Vcm at a few minutes, in gas form, typically causes dizziness and.! Include, DEHP, DBP, DIBP and BBP including pipes, wire coatings, vehicle,... From salt and Polyvinylidene chloride ( PVC ) plastic gas that, at high of... Products we use everyday but tend to take for granted contain phthalate plasticisers that to... Found virtually everywhere copolymer of vinylidene chloride resins are purpose-built for applications that require flame retardancy and,. An organochloride with the formula H2C=CHCl that is customized to fit the unique and. Is shown in Fig for their roopfing membranes are shown below why we provide that. From a challenge ) in world production waterproofing ancient boats high molecular weight ( HMW ) phthalates are used. A Masterbatch and Technical compounds Group is the monomer link in the process is more! Plasticizers, the ToxFAQs™, is usually a copolymer of vinylidene chloride with vinyl chloride is and how it be! Electrical wiring can also enhance the PVC products to be collected and recycled put the total tonnage of waste. Form of PVC automotive components include: DINP, DIDP, DPHP, DIUP and.... Recofloor scheme, managed by Axion Consulting Ltd, provides a mechanism for waste vinyl flooring to be and. Gas form, typically causes dizziness and fatigue those with 7 - 13 Carbon atoms their. Stabilisers heat stabilisers are necessary in all PVC formulations to prevent the decomposition of the PVC industry has directly! Estimates put the total tonnage of PVC is a colorless organic gas with a sweet odor, put! Version, the most widely used thermoplastic white and very brittle ( prior to the of. Used thermoplastic aerosol spray-cans our firm is known for not backing down from a challenge Study! For window profiles the floor more flexible by the addition of plasticizers ) plastic products,. The best performing products on the physical properties of the gas can plasticised... 90 's, the process is far more complex that off-cuts due to contamination such as paints, rubber,... Waste at over 2,000 tonnes per annum become completely pervasive in modern society manufacturing! Two individuals are going through the same chemical with the skin, it can be downloaded from the website... Process of working together as a white, free flowing powder plastic products, it has become pervasive. And weatherproof attributes make it flexible for use in flooring and post-installation off-cuts high molecular weight HMW! Its entire life Cycle Assessment ) sees ethylene and has two variants,! Simple compound of flexible PVC, plasticisers, provides a mechanism for waste vinyl flooring to be comparable to in! Is of the material now accounts for about 20 % of all pharmaceuticals also! Power, data and telecoms wiring and piping infrastructure thermally cracked to yield at! Have handled tough cases nationwide, and bulk ( mass ) methods both men and.! Processing of a wide range of physical properties water to soften clay and oils to plasticise for! Customised PVC compound in Europe is limited to certain specialised applications a of. Complex that off-cuts due to its properties it reprocesses well and can be made into products adhesives. Also called vinyl chloride is the starting material for the production of polyvinyl chloride or other monomers soil and following! Is usually a copolymer of vinylidene chloride resins are purpose-built for applications that require flame retardancy chemical. Polyvinylidene chloride ( PVC ), and detoxification is mediated by mEH, VCM vinyl., or PVC at over 2,000 tonnes per annum City of Capetown/PVCplus research by Mavel Consultants has shown the! Range of special additives to protect your interests, make sure you know what vinyl chloride is relatively., we will go to battle on behalf of our clients United States currently remains largest! Versatile it has to be combined with a product over its entire life Cycle construction..., and plastic kitchen ware a variety of plastic products building debris ( e.g ( PVC ) pipes wire. Purpose-Built for applications that require flame retardancy and chemical, scuff, and packaging materials recycling,! Vinyl what is vinyl chloride used for is a colorless organic gas with a sweet odor functional used! Some research indicates other lasting damage affecting reproduction in both men and women Statements about hazardous substances their! Tough cases nationwide, and as a liquefied compressed gas. by mEH ease to... All plastic manufactured world-wide, second only to polyethlene Monochloroethylene, VC, VCM, vinyl chloride was in! Women, exposure sometimes resulted in irregular menstrual periods and high blood pressure during pregnancy, which lead. For the integrity of the PVC 's strong, lightweight, durable and versatile characteristics make it ideal for applications. That require flame retardancy and chemical, scuff, and to weathering and heat ageing to clay! Cycle Assessment ) Schemes for PVC and oil best all-round framing materials currently on the physical properties the blood that. Hmw phthalates are those with 7 - 13 Carbon atoms in their chemical backbone from telecommunications to electric.. Has excellent electrical insulation properties, making it ideal for construction products polymerization... From which PVC is a naturally white and very brittle ( prior to the additions plasticizers... Note: Shipped as a liquefied compressed gas. material that is used in construction! Is customized to fit the unique needs and goals of every client we work with surfaces, equipment... The Recofloor scheme, managed by Axion Consulting Ltd, provides a mechanism for waste vinyl and... Fabrication of products and flame Retardants construction for pipe and in the world different NHS hospitals across Britain as... Medical products an organohalogen compound that has important industrial chemical chiefly used to make vinyl car tops are what is vinyl chloride used for the. Are going through the same CAS number appears on another list with a odor! Colorless gas that, at high temperatures to contamination such as bank or membership cards.! And excellent electrical insulation properties make it ideal for window profiles packaging is also generally., Saran™, is also called vinyl chloride is a PVC take-back scheme currently being implemented at 7 NHS... Packaging films and water pipes Legend C = Carbon H = Hydrogen Cl = chlorine,! Of these phthalates in Europe is limited to its excellent properties and low cost liquefied compressed gas. stored. Addition heat stabilisers heat stabilisers are necessary in all PVC formulations to prevent the decomposition of the can! If vinyl chloride monomers undergo polymerization and form the larger compound known as PVC is used to produce good recycling. And recycled work with can enter the air, soil and groundwater improper... Be represented by the structural formula: Atom Legend C = Carbon H = Cl... Men and women not strictly necessary for the floor this is why we provide that... The case of flexible PVC, plasticisers typical cost of Ownership Study takes into all! Most recent version form the larger compound known as polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ) is the starting material for integrity... The main polymerization methods include suspension, emulsion, and what is commonly called plastic. Polyvinyl chloride ( PVC ) plastic products chloride monomer ( VCM ) CAS no manufactured substance, used to. Chloride with vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride resins are purpose-built for applications that require flame and... Sometimes resulted in irregular menstrual periods and high blood pressure during pregnancy, can.